TCP/IP MODEL LAYERS |TCP/IP FULL FORM |TCP/IP LAYER-2020

TCP/IP REFERENCE MODEL

WE LEARN THAT TCP/IP MODEL IS REFERENCE MODEL OF OCI MODEL BUT IT IS TOTALLY WRONG. BECAUSE OF NO RELATION BETWEEN OCI AND TCP/IP. WHEN THIS TWO MODEL MADE WERE BEING MADE OSI MODEL DONT KNOW WHAT IS TCP/IP AND TCP/IP MODEL DONT KNOW WHAT IS OSI MODEL.

HISTORY ABOUT TCP/IP MODEL:-

WHEN WE SEARCH HOW MANY LAYERS OF OSI MODEL THEN WE GET ANSWER 7 BUT WHEN WE SEARCH HOW MANY LAYERS OF TCP/IP MODEL WE GET TWO ANSWER 4 & 5.IN SOME BOOK WRITTEN TCP/IP MODEL HAVE 4 LAYER AND OTHER SOME BOOK WRITTEN TCP/IP MODEL HAVE 5 LAYER. THIS IS WHY? I WILL EXPLAIN IT. APPROXIMATELY IN 1980 WHEN AMERICAN DEFENSE MADE TCP/IP MODEL THEY RESEARCH ON ONLY OUTPUT OF TCP/IP MODEL THEY DONT FOCUS ON PAPERWORK WHILE OSI RESEARCHERS FOCUS ON PAPERWORK THEN WHY WE HAVE 4&5 LAYER OF TCP/IP MODEL. that is TCP/IP FULL FORM TCP/IP MODEL LAYERS TCP/IP LAYER.

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WHAT IS TCP/IP MODEL:-

TCP/IP MODEL IS PRACTICAL MODEL AND THIS IS USE FOR COMMUNICATION PURPOSE ON INTERNET

NOW WE LEARN ABOUT TCP/IP MODEL LAYERS:-

5 LAYERS TCP/IP MODEL:-

APPLICATION LAYER

TRANSPORT

NETWORK

DATALINK

PHYSICAL

4 LAYERS TCP/IP MODEL:-

APPLICATION LAYER

HOST TO HOST

INTERNET LAYER

NETWORK ACCESS LAYER

4 LAYER AND 5 LAYER TCP/IP MODEL IS SAME.

WORK OF TCP/IP LAYER:-

FIRST WE WILL SEND DATA LIKE WE WILL SEND EMAIL THROUGH GMAIL APPLICATION IT WILL FIRST GET ON APPLICATION LAYER. IN APPLICATION LAYER INFORMATION IS SAVED ON DATA FORM THEN AFTER IS CONVERT INTO SEGMENT IN TRANSPORT LAYER THEN ITS CONVERT INTO PACKET ON NETWORK LAYER THEN ITS CONVERT INTO FRAME ON DATA LINK LAYER THEN ITS CONVERT INTO BITS ON PHYSICAL LAYER. FINALLY THIS BIT TRANSFER THROUGH CABLE WIRE OR FIBER CABLE OR COPPER WIRE TO ANALOG SIGNAL. that is TCP/IP FULL FORM TCP/IP MODEL LAYERS TCP/IP LAYER

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THE PROTOCOL THAT makes UP TCP/IP DFINE-

HOW DATA IS TRANSMITTED ACROSS A NETWORK
HOW DATA SHOULD BE FORMATTED SO OTHER NETWORK SYSTEM CAN UNDERSTAND IT.

TWO KEY TCP/IP FEATURES SUPPORT DECENTATISATIM:-

FIND NODE VERIFICATION:- THE TWO ENDPOINT OF ANY DATA TRANSFER ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR MAKING SURE IT WAS SUCCESSFUL -NO CENTRALISED CONTROL SYSTEM.
DYNAMIC ROUTING:- END NODE CAN TRANSFER DATA OVER MULTIPLE PATHS AND THE N/W CHOICES THE BEST PATH FOR INDIVIDUAL DATA TRANSFER.

NOW WE KNOW WHICH THINGS DO BETTER BY TCP/IP MODEL:-

MOST OF 5 ISSUE WE FACE IN NETWORK WHICH IS RESOLVE BY TCP/IP MODEL.

ADDRESSING ISSUE:- IF WE KNOW OUR DEVICE MAC ADDRESS THEN WE FIND WHAT IS IP ADDRESS OR IP ADDRESS KNOW THEN WE FIND WHAT IS IP ADDRESS.
ROUTING:-IN OUR MIND STAND QUESTION THAT THIS PACKET HOW TO GO WHICH PATH THEY CHOICE AND WHICH ROUTE TO THEY GO.
NAME RESOLUTION:-WHEN WE WRITE WWW.FACEBOOK.COM THEN FACEBOOK PAGE IS OPEN BUT IN BACKEND THROUGH DNS (DOMAIN NAME SERVER)WWW.FACEBOOK.COM RESOLVE INTO IP ADDRESS. BECAUSE OUR DEVICE UNDERSTAND IP ADDRESS SO DNS SERVER CONVERT NAME INTO IP.
FLOW AND ERROR CONTROL:-TPC/IP MODE CONTROL BOTH FLOW AND ERROR. FOR EXAMPLE, I HAVE to SEND DATA TO 10MBPS SPEED AND RECEIVER RECEIVE TO 2 MBPS SPEED THEN PACKET LOSSES. BUT THIS FLOW PROBLEM SOLVE BY TCP/IP MODEL AND ALSO SOLVE ERROR PROBLEM LIKE ERROR SOLVE BY MANY PROTOCOLS.
INTERPROBIBILTY:-THIS MEANS DIFFERENT COUNTRIES AND DIFFERENT COMPUTER can COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER

OSI model under TCP IP model it is reference base model in tcp under 40000 protocols works, it is secure and most useful in networking and UDP both works are different